Accountants\u27 legal responsibility, with a collection of leading cases and articles;

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/aicpa_guides/1001/thumbnail.jp

The establishment of anchoring illustrations for the group evaluation chart

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University, 195

Content addressable memory project

A parameterized version of the tree processor was designed and tested (by simulation). The leaf processor design is 90 percent complete. We expect to complete and test a combination of tree and leaf cell designs in the next period. Work is proceeding on algorithms for the computer aided manufacturing (CAM), and once the design is complete we will begin simulating algorithms for large problems. The following topics are covered: (1) the practical implementation of content addressable memory; (2) design of a LEAF cell for the Rutgers CAM architecture; (3) a circuit design tool user's manual; and (4) design and analysis of efficient hierarchical interconnection networks

Content addressable memory project

The progress on the Rutgers CAM (Content Addressable Memory) Project is described. The overall design of the system is completed at the architectural level and described. The machine is composed of two kinds of cells: (1) the CAM cells which include both memory and processor, and support local processing within each cell; and (2) the tree cells, which have smaller instruction set, and provide global processing over the CAM cells. A parameterized design of the basic CAM cell is completed. Progress was made on the final specification of the CPS. The machine architecture was driven by the design of algorithms whose requirements are reflected in the resulted instruction set(s). A few of these algorithms are described

Septic Arthritis and Multifocal Osteomyelitis Caused by Capnocytophaga Canimorsus: A Case Report

Capnocytophaga; Osteomyelitis; Septic arthritisCapnocitofaga; Osteomielitis; Artritis sépticaCapnocytophaga; Osteomielitis; Artritis sèpticaMicrobiological diagnosis of chronic osteoarticular infections remains a major challenge, particularly when the clinical presentation is atypical and the pathogen is uncommon. In this unique case, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, a microorganism belonging to the oral microbiota of some domestic animals, caused septic arthritis and multifocal osteomyelitis in the long bone of a 43-year-old immunocompetent man. The patient was treated with two-stage surgery and local and systemic antibiotic therapy, and had a successful recovery. C. canimorsus should be considered as a possible etiological agent in patients with osteoarticular pathology and a history of exposure to domestic animals

Effect of Phenylalanine–Arginine Beta-Naphthylamide on the Values of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Quinolones and Aminoglycosides in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii; Antimicrobial resistance; Efflux pump inhibitorsAcinetobacter baumannii; Resistencia antimicrobiana; Inhibidores de bomba de eflujoAcinetobacter baumannii; Resistència antimicrobiana; Inhibidors de bomba d'eflux(1) Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has become the most important pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections in health systems. It expresses several resistance mechanisms, including the production of β-lactamases, changes in the cell membrane, and the expression of efflux pumps. (2) Methods: A. baumannii was detected by PCR amplification of the blaOXA-51-like gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides was assessed using the broth microdilution technique according to 2018 CLSI guidelines. Efflux pump system activity was assessed by the addition of a phenylalanine–arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAβN) inhibitor. (3) Results: A total of nineteen A. baumannii clinical isolates were included in the study. In an overall analysis, in the presence of PAβN, amikacin susceptibility rates changed from 84.2% to 100%; regarding tobramycin, they changed from 68.4% to 84.2%; for nalidixic acid, they changed from 73.7% to 79.0%; as per ciprofloxacin, they changed from 68.4% to 73.7%; and, for levofloxacin, they stayed as 79.0% in both groups. (4) Conclusions: The addition of PAβN demonstrated a decrease in the rates of resistance to antimicrobials from the family of quinolones and aminoglycosides. Efflux pumps play an important role in the emergence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains, and their inhibition may be useful as adjunctive therapy against this pathogen.This research was supported through Incentive for Research of the Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (Nº UPC-C007-2020), Lima, Peru. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, and analysis, nor in the decision to publish or the preparation of the manuscript

Haptoglobin Genotype and the Rate of Renal Function Decline in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study

Many patients with type 1 diabetes develop renal disease despite moderately good metabolic control, suggesting other risk factors may play a role. Recent evidence suggests that the haptoglobin (HP) 2-2 genotype, which codes for a protein with reduced antioxidant activity, may predict renal function decline in type 1 diabetes. We examined this hypothesis in 1,303 Caucasian participants in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study. HP genotype was determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation and albumin excretion based on timed urine samples. Participants were followed up for a mean of 22 years. HP genotype was significantly associated with the development of sustained estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \u3c60 mL/min/1.73 m2and with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), with HP 2-2 having greater risk than HP 2-1 and 1-1. No association was seen with albuminuria. Although there was no treatment group interaction, the associations were only significant in the conventional treatment group, where events rates were much higher. We conclude that the HP genotype is significantly associated with the development of reduced GFR and ESRD in the DCCT/EDIC study

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in febrile patients from an endemic region of dengue and chikungunya in Peru

Introduction The rapid expansion of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has raised serious public health concerns due to the possibility of misdiagnosis in regions where arboviral diseases are endemic. We performed the first study in northern Peru to describe the detection of SARSCoV-2 IgM antibodies in febrile patients with a suspected diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya fever. Materials and methods A consecutive cross-sectional study was performed in febrile patients attending primary healthcare centers from April 2020 through March 2021. Patients enrolled underwent serum sample collection for the molecular and serological detection of DENV and CHIKV. Also, serological detection of IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was performed. Results 464 patients were included during the study period, of which (40.51%) were positive for one pathogen, meanwhile (6.90%) presented co-infections between 2 or more pathogens. The majority of patients with monoinfections were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM with (73.40%), followed by DENV 18.09% and CHIKV (8.51%). The most frequent co-infection was DENV + SARS-CoV-2 with (65.63%), followed by DENV + CHIKV and DENV + CHIKV + SARSCoV-2, both with (12.50%). The presence of polyarthralgias in hands (43.75%, p<0.01) and feet (31.25%, p = 0.05) were more frequently reported in patients with CHIKV monoinfection. Also, conjunctivitis was more common in patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgM (11.45%, p<0.01). The rest of the symptoms were similar among all the study groups. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies were frequently detected in acute sera from febrile patients with a clinical suspicion of arboviral disease. The presence of polyarthralgias in hands and feet may be suggestive of CHIKV infection. These results reaffirm the need to consider SARS-CoV-2 infection as a main differential diagnosis of acute febrile illness in arboviruses endemic areas, as well as to consider co-infections between these pathogens. Copyright:Revisión por pare

Responsibility for implicit bias

Research programs in empirical psychology from the past two decades have revealed implicit biases. Although implicit processes are pervasive, unavoidable, and often useful aspects of our cognitions, they may also lead us into error. The most problematic forms of implicit cognition are those which target social groups, encoding stereotypes or reflecting prejudicial evaluative hierarchies. Despite intentions to the contrary, implicit biases can influence our behaviours and judgements, contributing to patterns of discriminatory behaviour. These patterns of discrimination are obviously wrong and unjust. But in remedying such wrongs, one question to be addressed concerns responsibility for implicit bias. Unlike some paradigmatic forms of wrongdoing, such discrimination is often unintentional, unendorsed, and perpetrated without awareness; and the harms are particularly damaging because they are cumulative and collectively perpetrated. So, what are we to make of questions of responsibility? In this article, we outline some of the main lines of recent philosophical thought, which address questions of responsibility for implicit bias. We focus on (a) the kind of responsibility at issue; (b) revisionist versus nonrevisionist conceptions of responsibility as applied to implicit bias; and (c) individual, institutional, and collective responsibility for implicit bias

Association Between Socioeconomic Factors and the Choice of Dentifrice and Fluoride Intake by Children

It is questionable whether socioeconomic factors influence the choice of marketed children’s dentifrices and whether these products are associated with greater fluoride (F) intake in children. The present cross-sectional study involving 197 children (mean age: 40.98 ± 6.62 months) was carried out in Montes Claros, Brazil. Parents completed a questionnaire on socioeconomic status and the tooth brushing habits of their children. The children brushed their teeth and saliva residues were collected for F analysis. F intake from dentifrice was determined with an ion-specific electrode. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to test whether the type of dentifrice (children’s or family) and F dose (<0.05 and ≥0.05 mg F/Kg of body weight/day) were associated with the independent variables (p < 0.05). No differences were found between children’s and family dentifrices regarding daily F intake (0.046 and 0.040 mg F/Kg/day, respectively; p = 0.513). The following were strong predictors for the use of a children’s dentifrice: studying at a private kindergarten (OR: 6.89; p < 0.001); age that the child begun to tooth brush <2 years (OR: 2.93; p = 0.041), and the interaction between the variables “use of the same dentifrice as parents” and “type of tooth brush used” (OR: 27.20; p < 0.001). “The amount of dentifrice used” and “frequency of tooth brushing” (p ≤ 0.004) had a statistically and synergistic effect over the daily F dose. The present study found a social influence over the choice of dentifrice: children with a high socioeconomic status tend to use a children’s dentifrice. The amount of dentifrice used can strongly increase the risk of exposure to higher doses of F, regardless of the type of dentifrice